PENGARUH KONSENTRASI Cu TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK LAPISAN ABSORBER DAN PERFORMA SEL SURYA LAPISAN TIPIS Cu2ZnSnS4

Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) adalah salah satu material alternatif yang menjanjikan untuk lapisan absorber pada sel surya lapisan tipis. Lapisan tipis CZTS telah dibuat melalui metode sol-gel dan diendapkan pada substrat ITO menggunakan teknik spin-coating. Copper (Cu) dengan kemurnian 99% digunakan sebagai material pada prekursor CZTS. Perbandingan rasio Cu/(Zn+Sn) sebagai konsentrasi Cu divariasikan menjadi 0,76; 0,81; 0,86 dan 0,91 untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap struktur kristal, struktur mikro, karakteristik serapan optik dan performa sel surya CZTS. Hasil karakterisasi struktur kristal menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) menunjukkan bahwa lapisan absorber CZTS memiliki struktur kristal kesterite sebesar 5,5-7,8% serta ditemukan fase sekunder ZnS, Cu2S, Cu2SnS3, SnS, dan SnS2 dan persentase massa ZnS yang berkurang seiring bertambahnya konsentrasi Cu. Ukuran kristal bertambah besar dengan berkurangnya konsentrasi Cu. Hasil karakterisasi struktur mikro menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) menunjukkan bahwa ukuran butir semakin meningkat seiring peningkatan konsentrasi Cu. Berdasarkan hasil karakteristik serapan optik menggunakan UV-Vis Spectrometry dan I-V meter didapatkan hasil bahwa lapisan absorber CZTS sensitif pada panjang gelombang rendah dengan Light Harvesting Effeciency (LHE) berkisar 95,74–99,23%. Nilai energi band gap yang diperoleh berkisar antara 1,14-1,91 eV. Efisiensi meningkat seiring peningkatan konsentrasi Cu. Hasil performa terbaik dan nilai band gap yang optimal menunjukkan bahwa material Cu dengan kemurnian 99% dalam penelitian ini dapat digunakan dalam prekursor CZTS sebagai lapisan absorber pada photovoltaic. Kata Kunci : Sel surya CZTS, Konsentrasi Cu, struktur kristal, struktur mikro, serapan optik. Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is one of the promising alternative materials for the absorber layer of thin-lapisan solar cells. CZTS thin lapisans have been prepared using a sol-gel method and deposited on ITO substrates by spin-coating technique. The local copper powder (Cu) material containing 99% purity was proposed as the material for CZTS synthesis. The Cu/(Zn+Sn) ratio's as the copper concentration was varied between 0.76, 0.81, 0,86 and 0,91 to study its effect on crystal structure, micro structure, optical properties, and solar cell performance. The results crystal structure of characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the lapisans have form 5.5 – 7.8% kesterite crystal structure and found that the secondary phases of ZnS, Cu2S, Cu2SnS3, SnS, and SnS2 and the mass percentage of ZnS is decreases when the copper concentration increases The crystallites size is increases when the copper concentration decreases. The results of characterization micro structure using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) indicates the grain size increases when increase in copper composition. Based on the results characterization of the optical properties using UV-Visual Spectrometry and I-V meter showed that absorber layer CZTS is sensitive at low wavelengths with Light Harvesting Effeciency (LHE) around 95,74 – 99,23%. The obtained band gap energy values were found in the range of 1,14-1,91 eV. Effeciency of solar cell increases when copper consentration increases.The best performance and favorable optical bandgap make our CZTS thin lapisans utilizing Cu material containing 99% purity suitable to be used as an absorber layer for photovoltaic applications. Keywords: CZTS solar cell, Cu Concentration, crystal structure, micro structure, optical propertie

Mobile Learning Readiness of Junior High School Students in Science Learning

Technology advancements and an increasing number of mobile phone owners among junior high school students have opened opportunities for teachers to integrate technology into the learning process, especially in science learning. Before implementing mobile learning in the classroom, researchers must assess whether students are ready to adopt the technology. Adding the perspective of junior high school students in West Java, the research aims to present a quantitative survey on students' mobile learning readiness. An online questionnaire survey was used to collect data in this study. The results shown that students can use mobile learning in science learning. Almost all students have mobile phones to support mobile science learning. However, some students are still worried about the problem of costs when learning using mobile because it requires internet access. Nevertheless, students agreed to know more about mobile learning. These findings can serve as a reference point for further studies if mobile science learning is widely used in junior high schools

Integrating Pentatonic Angklung into Physics Experiment to Identify Multiple Representation Skills in Junior High School

Angklung is a traditional musical instrument from West Java that can be used as a learning medium for sound concepts. The study focuses on pentatonic Angklung as a musical instrument commonly used in Ngaseuk ceremonies as rice planting rituals in the Baduy tribe. This study aims to report the integration of pentatonic Angklung into physics experiments and investigate multiple representation skills. Technology-based mobile used as an experimental tool is Phypox. The designed activity aims to identify multiple representation skills using guided-inquiry models in four stages: Open, Explore, Create, and Share. The study participants are 31 8th-grade students at one of the junior high schools in West Java Province, Indonesia. Experiment activities investigate variables that affect the frequency of the pentatonic Angklung. A worksheet guides experiment activities following the syntax of the guided-inquiry model. The study results show that students use different representations at each stage in the worksheet. Students use four representations in this experimental activity: verbal, mathematical, pictorial, and graphical. It can be concluded that integrating pentatonic Angklung into physics experiments can identify students' multiple representation skills in junior high school

A systematic literature review of integrating augmented reality technology in science learning

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap tren penelitian selama sepuluh tahun terakhir pada penggunaan teknologi augmented reality (AR) dalam pembelajaran IPA. Review pada studi ini mengikuti pedoman PRISMA. Ditemukan 154 artikel pada tahap identifikasi, kemudian dilakukan screening berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi sehingga menjadi 50 artikel untuk direview. Hasil review menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran/prestasi akademik, motivasi, dan sikap merupakan variabel yang paling banyak diteliti dalam artikel, Di mana prestasi akademik sangat dipengaruhi oleh motivasi dan sikap, sehingga sering dipertimbangkan dalam penelitian. Aplikasi mobile dan buku bergambar AR merupakan jenis AR yang sering diimplementasikan karena mudah digunakan dan dapat dikembangkan dengan cepat dan praktis. Kecenderungan metodologi adalah desain kuantitatif. Alat pengumpulan data yang sering digunakan adalah tes kognitif. Metode pengambilan sampel yang paling sering digunakan adalah convenience sampling, dan populasi sampel yang sering diidentifikasi adalah siswa sekolah menengah. Rekomendasi penelitian yang sering diberikan oleh peneliti adalah melakukan identifikasi pengaruh penggunaan AR terhadap kemampuan afektif siswa dan mengidentifikasi persepsi guru. Hasil penelitian ini akan menjadi sebuah referensi bagi para peneliti yang tertarik untuk mengimplementasikan AR dalam pembelajaran.Abstract: TThis study aimed to explore research trends over the past decade regarding the use of augmented reality (AR) technology in science learning. The study followed the PRISMA guidelines. A total of 154 articles were found at the identification stage and then screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria so that 50 articles were to be reviewed. The review results show that learning achievement, motivation, and attitudes are the variables most researched in the article. Learning achievement is strongly influenced by motivation and attitude, so it is often considered in research. Mobile applications and AR picture books are often implemented because they are easy to use, fast, and have practical development. The methodological trend is a quantitative design. Data collection tools that are often used are cognitive tests. The frequently used sampling method is convenience sampling, and the sample population often identified is high school students. Researchers often give research recommendations to identify the effect of using AR on students' affective abilities and teacher perceptions. The results of this study will be a reference for researchers interested in implementing AR in education

Integrating Technology into Science Learning in Junior High School: Perspective of Teachers

Technology has a positive role in improving students' learning abilities. The teacher has the leading role in implementing technology in the classroom. This study aims to introduce technology that can be integrated into science learning and report the perspective of science teachers with different educational backgrounds in integrating technology into the learning process. The study uses a qualitative method by using interviews to collect data. The participants were selected randomly from the Association of Science Education Teachers in West Bandung, Indonesia. Six teachers chose to be interviewed based on different teaching experiences and educational backgrounds. The study found that science teachers with different educational backgrounds have different perspectives on the difficulty of teaching science concepts. But they have the same solution to this problem: integrating technology into the learning process. All participants in this study have experience integrating technology in learning but are the first experience in using AR technology. Various technologies are considered appropriate for integration into science learning, but AR technology that can visualize abstract concepts has the potential to be used more in educatio

Improve critical thinking skills using traditional musical instruments in science learning

Experiment activity is an essential part of science learning. Suling (flute), a traditional musical instrument from West Java, can be used as a learning media for sound wave concepts. Technology-based mobile can be used as an experimental tool is Phypox. This study aims to report using a combination of Suling and Phypox in experiment activities. The designed activity aims to engage students in critical thinking. The instrument for measuring critical thinking consists of five questions based on the critical thinking aspect: interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, and explanation. The study used a one-group pre-and post-test design on 32 8th-grade students at one of the junior high schools in West Java Province, Indonesia. The study procedure is a pre-test, discussion of Suling’s concepts, introduction to Phypox application, experiment activity, presentation, and post-test. Data analysis uses the normalized gain to compare the pre-and post-test. Experiment activities help students to understand frequency, open organ pipes concepts, and investigate the speed of sound produced by Suling. The study found a significant change in the pre-and post-test scores of students after experimenting, so it could be interpreted that the experimental activities using Suling and Phypox affected critical-thinking students

Implementation of mobile augmented reality on physics learning in junior high school students

Technology has an essential role in the educational field. Technology-based mobile has the potential to improve education through Augmented Reality (AR). This study investigates the effect of mobile augmented reality on physics learning achievement and students' opinions on using this technology. The study used a convergent parallel pattern from mixed-method models in which quantitative and qualitative data are collected simultaneously and analyzed independently. The study participants are 64 (7th-grade students) who are learning solar system concepts at one of the junior high schools in West Java Province, Indonesia. This study collects pre- and post-test data as quantitative data to analyze students' learning achievement using the normalized gain score. The result showed that the students using mobile augmented reality have higher criteria for learning achievement than those using textbooks. The qualitative data was collected from interviewed students after using mobile augmented reality and analyzing using descriptive analysis. The results of the student opinion state that augmented reality is a new learning environment that effectively helps them understand physics concepts, enhances students' learning achievement and helps concretize abstract concepts through visual 3D simulations. Moreover, according to the study, students find it easier to understand physics concepts after using mobile augmented reality

Investigation of science process skills and computational thinking dispositions during the implementation of collaborative modeling-based learning in high school physics class

Computational thinking (CT) skills are essential with the rapid advancement of technology. Developing CT attitudes in students is also required for improving CT skills.   On the other hand, science process skills are also emphasized in high school physics classes. This study aims to design and implement collaborative modeling-based learning for high school physics classes that stimulates computational thinking (CT) and science process skills. The learning activities use a collaborative approach and adapt the modeling process that scientists usually use. A pilot study in a high school physics course was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of collaborative modeling-based learning. The research instruments used in this study include a test for assessing theoretical understanding, an observational rubric for assessing science process skills and a self-report checklist to assess CT dispositions. A pre-and post-test design is employed in the pilot study. Eighty-nine students participated in this study. Students who participated in collaborative modeling-based learning gained a theoretical understanding. Moreover, they have excellent science process skills. According to the self-report checklist, students also demonstrated positive CT attitudes and indicated that they planned to apply CT aspects to their learning.   It indicates that the modeling process has engaged students to think computationally and develop their process skills

Implementation Levels of Inquiry with Blended Learning to Improve Creative Thinking Skills in the Pandemic Era

Current learning aims to improve students' skills to face 21st-century life. Creative thinking skills include 21st-century skills in innovation and technological development. This study aims to determine the improvement of students' creative thinking skills in the pandemic era using inquiry-based learning. This study uses a mixed method with an embedded design. The creative thinking skills test instrument is in the form of 14 open-ended questions developed based on the Scientific Creativity Structure Model compiled by Weiping Hu and Philip Adey. The analysis data using paired t-test. The results of statistical tests using paired t-tests showed a significant value of 0.000. Based on the decision-making criteria, if the significance value is less than 0.005, then Ho is rejected. The result can be interpreted as a significant difference between the pre-and post-test results. In addition, the increase in pretest-posttest scores was tested using n-gain and obtained a score of 0.55 in the medium category. Therefore, implementing levels of inquiry with blended learning on the light wave concept can improve the creative thinking skills in the medium category

Waditra angklung dalam tinjauan sains dan pembelajaran

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